There are 1.7 million known plant and animal species on the Earth. This is only a small fraction of the many species believed to exist -- estimated to total somewhere between 10 to 12 million distinct species. Studies have demonstrated greater productivity, resistance to disturbance, resilience and rate of recovery in ecosystems with high biological diversity. Much has been written in recent years about the threat of destruction to this biological diversity, or biodiversity as it is often called. Areas of highly concentrated biodiversity, such as the Amazon rainforest, have experienced increasing deforestation as developing countries seek to utilize their natural resources for economic gain.

Amazon Factory believes that It is not only biodiversity that is lost with the destruction of the Amazon forests, but cultural diversity as well. Many of the world's original peoples, the indigenous tribes, also face extinction as resources become more scarce. When first discovered by Europeans in the late fifteenth century, the Amazon had an indigenous population of approximately 6 million people; there are currently an estimated 250,000 remaining. Ethnocide, introduction of Western diseases, depletion of important resources for survival, relocation, and acculturation into modern Western society have contributed to this loss.

Amazon Factory in order to preserve biodiversity and cultural roots as well, follow policies that must involve the participation of the indigenous and is always addressing the preservation of cultural diversity on its materials and with many international organizations, Brazilian governments authorities and private industry to help in taking action to protect the remaining indigenous populations and biodiversities and encourage its sustainable use.